A Report On The Enzyme Classification Of Enzyme And The...

L-Lactate Dehydrogenase L-lactate dehydrogenase, or LDH, is an oxidoreductase that occurs in many organism and is a reaction that is important to many cells. From the peptide sequence, this specific enzyme catalyzes the pyruvate to lactate reaction along with the coenzyme NAD+/ NADH. The enzyme classification for this sequence is EC: 1.1.1.27, these numbers each identify a specific part of the enzyme and the reaction is a part of. The first one identifies that this is and oxidoreductase reaction, which accounts for the dehydrogenase in the name. The second number is the labeling that a hydrogen is undergoing the oxidation reduction and the final one is indicating that the l-lactate is the acceptor of the hydrogen. The final digit, 27, is specific to the pyruvate reaction that the L-lactate dehydrogenase is catalyzing. Each peptide sequence was run through BLAST technology both forward and backwards. The sequence was examined multiples ways to understand that the order of a sequence i s important, and to guarantee the correct enzyme is found. The BLAST database compares the sequence to many different organism and their different cellular reaction and rates each enzyme on their similarities and the likelihood of getting a certain result of a different database (E-value). The LDH was the top 100% match with a low E-value of 2e-11. This connected the sequence to an enzyme in the organism Mus Musculus in the muscle and heart cells. It occurs in different regions of the houseShow MoreRelatedDNA Essay1256 Words   |  6 Pagesgenes aren’t easily prone to alterations. However, recent findings from the fields of neurobiology, protein biosynthesis, degradation and molecular evolution show that erroneous synthesis occurs (Drummond, 2009: 10(10)). According to the report, the classification of erroneous synthesis is, any disturbance in the translation of the coding sequence into functioning protein. Amino-acids can become compromised when built, resulting from trans cription errors when DNA reads the manual to make RNA. AberrantRead MoreThe Herbal And Dietary Supplement Market1501 Words   |  7 Pagesthe belief that food like substances are either harmless or less toxic as compared to conventional drugs, furthermore nutraceuticals are cheaper and are safe with regards to avoiding the side effects associated with drugs (Tapans et al., 2008). CLASSIFICATION Nutraceuticals can be isolated nutrients herbal products, dietary supplements, genetically engineered foods or processed products such as cereals, beverages and soups. They can be broadly classified as potential or established nutraceuticals.Read MoreBenefits Of Using Phases And Poultry Feed2801 Words   |  12 PagesPROJECT STUDY MODULE (SCIENCE FOUNDATION) What Are the Benefits of using Phase and NSP Enzymes in Poultry Feed? TONIBI I. SENIBO 149054259. 2/07/2015.  Table of Contents Page 1. Abstract †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 3 2. Glossary †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 3 3. Introduction †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 4 4. Aims and objectives †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 6 5. Findings and Analysis †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 7 6. Results †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 11 7. Discussion Conclusion †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Read MoreTrade and Generic Name, Drug Classification and Mechanism of Action1064 Words   |  4 PagesTrade and Generic Name, Drug Classification and Mechanism of Action Metoformin is a medication used to treat Type 2 diabetes. Metformin is classified as a biguanide and antidiabetic medication. Its therapeutic classification is an antihyperglycemic. Metformin, which is the drug’s generic name, is also known under its trade names: Fortamet, Glucophage, Glucophage XR, Glumetza and Riomet. Metformin is an oral hypoglycemic medication and has three main actions: Metofrmin increases the bindingRead MoreEssay On Drug Study939 Words   |  4 Pages05. The most common drug related problems were need for additional drug therapy (29.35%), ineffective drug therapy (27.94%) and dose too low (15.8%). We found that 82% of the participants had at least one DRP. This finding is comparable with the report by Haugbolle et al (37) where 80.7% of participants had at least one DRP. similar finding was also noted in Adama, Ethiopia (38) where 80.7% of the participants had at least one DRP. However, the rate of DRPs in our set up is higher than the findingsRead MoreThe Effect Of Starch And Plain Carboxymethyl Cellulose ( Cmc ) On Flucloxacillin Stability1010 Words   |  5 Pagesinfections caused by susceptible organisms. It breaks down easily in the presence of moisture and the breakdown products are responsible for the hypersensitivity reactions in susceptible individuals. This study sought to investigate the effect of starch and plain carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) on flucloxacillin stability, determine the rate of reaction for the decomposition of flucloxacillin in the presence of starch and plain CMC and finally to determine the amount of starch and plain CMC that retards/slowsRead MoreCase Study on Acute Gastroenteritis2193 Words   |  9 Pagesthat produce or store digestive chemicals. The Digestive Process: The start of the process - the mouth: The digestive process begins in the mouth. Food is partly broken down by the process of chewing and by the chemical action of salivary enzymes (these enzymes are produced by the salivary glands and break down starches into smaller  molecules). On the way to  the stomach: the esophagus - After being chewed and swallowed, the food enters the esophagus. The esophagus is a long tube that runs fromRead MoreObesity Is An Abnormal Collection Of Body Fat1852 Words   |  8 Pagesis close relationship between added sugar and obesity, according to research conducted obesity is not only caused by excessive sugar but also many other factors. In this report the effects of sugar intake, physical inactivity, genetics, metabolism of foods on obesity and the involvement of chemistry will be analysed. This report strongly supports the statement of Tom Gill â€Å"Sugars can’t take the whole blame†. There are 6 main nutrients present in the food such as carbohydrates, protein, fats, vitaminsRead MoreThe French Paradox Of Cholesterol And Saturated Fat Diet2530 Words   |  11 Pagesin your glass† ref. This topic is highly controversial as there are also detriments to the consumption of alcohol. There has been much debate about this issue for the last two decades. In order to make a plausible decision on Ryan’s statement, this report will look at the advantages and disadvantages of red wine by analysing chemicals present in wine and their effects on the human body. During the wine making process various chemicals are added, so it is necessary to look at the wine making processRead MoreCulinary Final Study Guide6921 Words   |  28 PagesChemicals: †¢ Store chemicals away from food, utensils and equipment †¢ Follow manufacture’s directions when using chemicals †¢ Label all containers †¢ Use only lubricants that are made for food equipment Food Allergy: the body’s negative reaction to a particular food protein. †¢ Most common allergens o Milk dairy o Nuts o Eggs o Seafood o Soy products †¢ Symptoms: Itching round face, tightening of throat, wheezing/shortness of breathe

Physics Lab Report - 1059 Words

Grade 11 physics: SPH3U1-01 | Physics Lab Report | Specific Heat Capacity of Brass | | Jin Jin Shi | 2012/12/6 | Instructor: Mr. Nailer | I. Introduction The amount of heat required to raise the temperature of a solid body depends on its change in temperature (ΔT), its mass (m), and an intrinsic characteristic of the material forming the body called specific heat (cp). The heat is calculated from the equation II. Purpose The purpose of this laboratory is to determine the experimental quantities of heat transfer and specific heat capacity in a laboratory situation.. III. Equipment * Eye protection * Graduated cylinder * Thermometer * Stirring rod * 250 mL beaker * Retort stand†¦show more content†¦The accepted value for the specific heat capacity of brass is 3.8x10^2J/(kg °C). Determine the percentage error for the calculation using the percentage error equation. %error=accepted value –measured value/accepted value x100% =3.8x10^2-8.7x10^2/3.8x10^2x100% =129 5. Use the equations Q = mcââ€" ³T and Qreleased + Qabsorbed=0 to calculate the specific heat capacity of the unknown metal. Qwater = cp waterx mwater x ΔT water Qwater=Q unknown metal Cp unknown metal=Q unknown metal/m unknown xΔT unknown metal Qwater=(4.18x10^3)(0.1)(84-98) =-5892 Cp unknown metal= -5892/(0.1)(37-98) =9.7x10^2J/kg °C VII. Analyze and Evaluate (a) Consider the percentage difference obtained in Part A. What might have caused this percentage difference? The equipment we were using might may caused this percentage difference, because thermometer might not be accurate when we look at by our eyes, we can ignore this error by using calorimeter. (b) Consider the percentage error obtained in Part B. What may be responsible for the difference in the values between Part A and Part B? The temperature of water might cause the difference in the values between Part A and Part B, because we need Q water in both Part A and Part B, If the temperature of water is different, then the result will also be different. (c) This investigation would be valuable toShow MoreRelatedPhysics Lab Report717 Words   |  3 Pages (g) The steps (c) and (d) were repeated to obtain new values of Ã…Å"e and then step (e) to obtain a new curve III. The process was repeated till reasonably accurate values of F and P were obtained. However, it was seen that the third trial did give sufficiently accurate values, for all practical purposes. To obtain the safe pile capacity, a factor of safety of 2 on the ultimate skin friction resistance and 2.5 on the ultimate point bearing resistance was applied. 1.3.6 The same graph was also solvedRead MorePhysics Lab Report3601 Words   |  15 PagesABSTRACT: The lab of one dimensional motion is a series of experiments that deal with different types of motion in a single direction. In the first experiment, one dimensional motion of a small cart on an air track is measured in a one photogate system. The acceleration was calculated by the infrared light emitting electrode of the photogate sensing the slacks on the picket fence. The calculation for gravity yielded 9.63 m/s^2, which is consistent with the accepted value of 9.8m/s^2. In theRead MorePhysics Lab Report Impulse1163 Words   |  5 PagesImpulse and Momentum Lab Part I: As the first lab of the Physics 2 curriculum, our class completed a lab experiment that introduced us students to a new concept that would be a foundation to the future topics that we learn in this class. In this lab activity, we used a lab cart on a flat track to compare the collision of the cart with a force sensor with and without the plunger during different trials. The materials that we would need for this activity are a lab cart on a flat track, a timerRead MorePhysics Speed of Sound Lab Report743 Words   |  3 PagesSamantha Mackey 13. 2nd hour PHYSICS LAB REPORT: SPEED OF SOUND Purpose: In this lab, we will be doing 3 major things: 1) Collecting and organizing data to obtain resonant points in a closed pipe, 2) measure the length of a closed-pipe resonator, and 3) analyze the data to determine the speed of sound. Procedure: 1. Fill the graduated cylinder nearly to the top with water, with a tall glass tube open at both ends (the water level with act as the closed end). 2. DetermineRead MorePhysic Lab Report Parallel Force1409 Words   |  6 PagesPhysics Lab Report: Parallel Force Aim: To test the principle of moments. Apparatus: Metre rule with holes drilled at the 25cm, 50cm and 75cm mark, 50g masses 50mm long bolt with a diameter of approximately 5mm, retort stand, boss head and clamp, 0-10 N spring balance, electronic pan balance ,wire or string for suspending masses from the metre rule, two bulldog clips. Part A: Balancing a constant moment. Procedure: 1. The experiment is set up by first placing the bolt through the rule, thenRead MorePhysics Archimedes Principle Lab Report1288 Words   |  6 Pages| Buoyant ForceB=Δmg=Ï f VobjgThis equation was used to calculate the buoyant force of an object. | Experimental Procedure: ProcedureA: * Setup similar to the spring constant lab * Use the same or a similar spring from the spring constant lab * Find the spring constant of the smallest spring used from previous lab if not already foundB: * Use the same metal rod from the Error of Propagation experiment and attach it to the bottom of the spring * Fully submerged the metal rod in a beakerRead MorePhysics Lab Report Cooling Coffee1449 Words   |  6 PagesCooling Coffee Name: Diana Rusina Date:23.11.12 In this practical, you will be assessed on Design, Data Processing amp; Presentation and Conclusion amp; Evaluation – Read the checklist of the criteria for guidance. Introduction: It is Saturday afternoon. You brew yourself a cup of coffee and are just about to pour cold milk into the coffee. The doorbell rings and you realize immediately that your friend needs your help for a few minutes this afternoon. If you want to have yourRead MorePhysics Lab Report On Using A Simple Pendulum Model932 Words   |  4 PagesLaboratory report – First Draft Determine the acceleration due to gravity using a simple pendulum Objective The objective of this practical is to determine acceleration due to gravity ‘g’ using the simple pendulum model. This is shown when a period of oscillation is seen to be independent of the mass of the mass ‘m’. Theory A simple pendulum consists of a mass that is attached to a string of length ‘L’ that is fixed to a point, in this case, a cork suspended by a clamp stand. This allows theRead MorePhysics Lab Report - What Keeps a Stopper Moving in a Circle948 Words   |  4 Pagesthe error associated with calculating the speed of the stopper. In other labs you have used multiple data runs and averaged the data to minimize the random error associated with measuring. Why did you not have to do that on 5. To get the most accurate time we had the person timing also count the revolutions of the stopper. And we didn’t have to do multiple data runs because the time is the least important In this lab we found that the variables of circular motion are directly related. We accomplished

Teaching theories and assessment Free Essays

First I am to give an overview of the cardinal theories of instruction and appraisal that I use mundane within my work as a coach. My learning involves a broad scope of scholars from E2e pupils ( 16-19 ) and grownups ( 19+ ) , so I use a big assortment of different ( sometimes contradictory ) methods. Pavlov- Pavlov identified two types of learned response to a topic. We will write a custom essay sample on Teaching theories and assessment or any similar topic only for you Order Now Reflex response- a response to a topic or state of affairs that is unconscious ( nonvoluntary ) Conditioned response- a response that is learnt or taught ( voluntary ) Through this theory I foremost use learning stuff to get down to condition a response and the ideal end is that these conditioned response bend to reflex responses after an initial â€Å" subsiding in † period. Maslow- Hierarchy of Needs- This is about common sense. Learners can non larn if they are uncomfortable, stressed or distracted. I believe people learn more expeditiously if they find the solutions to their ain jobs. As we all do in life. Skinner- â€Å" Operant conditioning † – This applies to both sets of scholars. It is my experience that larning takes topographic point more efficaciously if it is delivered as a series of little stairss that combine into a entire end or decision. But before learning can take topographic point the pupils need to be motivated to larn. In the instance of the E2e pupils Taylor ‘s theory of â€Å" economic adult male and McGregor ‘s â€Å" Theory X † comes into drama. The motivation theories for these pupils are fiscal and are rewarded for go toing learning Sessionss even if they do non desire to. On the other side of the graduated table, many of my grownup pupils are of a more mature age and are financially comfy and have no demand for a fiscal wages. Their wages can be found in other theories: Mayo- Social man- Many of my grownup scholars are on the classs non merely to larn, but to run into new people and bask the societal facets of acquisition. Once the scholar is in category it is indispensable that they are motivated to transport on acquisition. Hertzberg ‘s theory is so really applicable. The pupil must experience that they are being praised and that they feel good about their acquisition and all unfavorable judgment that is given must be really carefully worded and must ever be constructive. This so brings us to the importance of appraisal. There are many practical theories that are applicable to my mundane instruction. It is of import that I non merely measure my pupils ‘ work, but my ain instruction. First formative appraisal is used with pupils as an on-going procedure. It is indispensable that pupils work are continually assessed to non merely give pupils motivational feedback, but it is a step of comprehension and how much the pupil has understood and is besides a contemplation on your learning practise. This method is normally provided informally on a one to one footing, giving the pupil the chance to add his ain sentiments on his or her acquisition advancement which in bend starts the procedure of ego appraisal. Self-assessment is normally introduced when the pupil is constructing in assurance in a topic. Now that the pupil has a greater apprehension they are able to measure their ain work and able to reflect on their ain accomplishments or weaknesss now that their cognition of the topic becomes more advanced. One of the most successful appraisal methods seems to be a multiple of both ego and diagnostic appraisal. This where the pupil is set a short trial on a comparatively regular footing so the pupil is confident in the given undertaking and after finishing the trial the pupil measure his or her ain trial either separately or in a group. That manner the pupil is able to compliment themself or the others around him or the group is able to supply constructive feedback together. It is a great morale encouragement when the pupil has done good and is a great signifier of support when the pupil needs excess aid. The summational appraisal method tends to be used more for the E2e pupils that are accomplishing nationally recognised makings and normally take the signifier of coursework that is produced throughout the class and given a concluding grade. As I said at the beginning I have found that some of the theories that First the most complicated group to learn is the E2e group. As I said earlier they are ab initio influenced through Learner Profile Angstrom: Wayne has late left school without any concrete makings. He has joined CG Partnership because of the fiscal wages he will acquire go toing the group and believes it will be easier than working for a life. He is being pressured to travel to college by other staff members, but does n’t truly hold any involvement in this way and is merely interested in socializing with his friends and spends most of his trim clip either imbibing or taking drugs. He struggles to gel with the remainder of the category and â€Å" ca n’t see the point † in a batch of the category activities. His is a victim of low self-esteem and frequently adheres to peer force per unit area to â€Å" play the category sap † for attending. Due to his hapless school attending his degree of basic accomplishments is really low and battles with any written undertaking and fails to hold on the simplest numerical constructs. He tends to arise against any signifier of authorization and â€Å" will non be told what to make † . His lone involvements tend to be music, skateboarding and surfing the Internet. Learner Profile B: Bob is 68 old ages old and has been out of instruction for many decennaries. He has a grade in technology. This is his first experience of instruction since go forthing school and attends the Sessionss along with his wife.. He lives locally and owns his ain place. He has been retired for 2 old ages and is financially stable. He now has plentifulness of clip on his custodies and is eager to larn new accomplishments and enthusiastic to maintain up to day of the month with modern engineering. He wants to utilize his new found accomplishments in mundane life and believes his new found accomplishments will let him to bask farther facets of acquisition. He sometimes becomes baffled when faced with engineering or rules he is non familiar with and sometimes struggles with different attacks to learning as he is used to traditional instruction methods. Stating this, he perseveres and is speedy to accept new rules that are presented. He is sometimes outspoken in category, but this because he en joys the societal facet of the class and clearly revels in the company of others and enjoys being portion of that group. How to cite Teaching theories and assessment, Essay examples

Mitochondrion Essay Example For Students

Mitochondrion Essay MitochondrionMitochondrion are the power plant of a cell. The mitochondria are cellsbased within a cell that turn nutrients from chemical form into a more simpleand usable substance for a cell to use as energy. These sausage-shaped organelles are not a true organelle, but more of aparasite that invaded primordial cells and evolved along with them. Amitochondrians main purpose is to burn energy through a slow method ofcombustion, which will consume as much air to burn as fire will, just to breakdown nutrients into simpler substances. These simpler molecules then bond withthe atoms that will need the energy to function. Then, enzymes in themitochondrion break up the atoms and then recapture them again. This time, theenergy atoms will be bonded in a different molecule to form ATP, or adenosinetriphosphate. ATP has an adenosine core and three phosphates attached to it,hence its name. These phosphates will store the new energy. ATP can travel throughoutthe cell freely and allows the stored energy to then be distributed evenly inthe cell. Other organelles will find the ATP and break off the phosphates fullof ready-to-use energy.Once the adenosine has been stripped of phosphates itwill travel back to the mitochondrion to be reloaded with new phosphates.

Timeline of My Broken Childhood Essay Example For Students

Timeline of My Broken Childhood Essay When parents got divorced, I was around 5  ½- 6 years old. During that process I was going through a rough time because the year before they got divorced my baby brother died. I was very confused and sad and when my parents got divorced I didnt know what to do! My whole mood changed. My life changed from living in one house to two houses, and every week I would switch off from one parent to the other, and I started to feel uncomfortable and uneasy around my dad. He would always be drinking, chewing tobacco and getting angry all the time. Honestly, I began to not enjoy time around him and I would always want to go to my mom’s house. One night, I was at my dad’s house and it was a shower night, so right after dinner I hopped into the shower. When I got out my dad came in the bathroom to dry me off. When he did that I kind of got uncomfortable again. After he dried me off I went to get me pajamas on and after that I walked out to sit on the couch. We will write a custom essay on Timeline of My Broken Childhood specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now I kept feeling very uncomfortable and asked my dad if I could borrow his phone to call my mom and say goodnight. So, I went in my room and locked the door and I called my mom and asked her if she could come and pick me up because I told her, â€Å"Daddy made me feel uncomfortable and touched me in places I don’t like to be touched† and she said that she would be there ASAP. My dad didnt know that she was coming because I was planning on sneaking out. I gave my dad back his phone and told him that I was going to bed. He came into my bedroom and tucked me in and as soon as he left I got up out of my bed and opened my bedroom window and waited with a blanket until my mom arrived. When I saw my moms car I quickly jumped out of the window onto the snow/ice when it was 3 degrees out and ran to the street as fast as my little 5 year old legs could move because I didnt want to get caught and it was also super cold going through 4 feet deep of snow without wearing shoes!!! When I got to her car my dad had saw me and came outside and started yelling, chasing the car and threatening to call the police. As we drove away I felt a sense of guilt because I knew that my dad didn’t intend any harm but I just didn’t like being around him so I felt the need to tell my mom a more dramatic story. My mom began asking me a lot of questions about what happened because she wanted to see if I was ok because she is a nurse. By what I told her she decided to take me to the hospital to check and see if I had been raped by my father. So, later that night when I got back to my moms house, she took me up stairs to my Hello Kitty room and put me to sleep. From that night forward until the 2nd grade I would always want to call my mom before bed to say goodnight, but my dad wouldnt allow me to because he was afraid that I would leave again. Till this day I remember everything, every single detail is fresh in my mind and memory. Now every holiday I go and visit my dad in Wisconsin and live with my mom here in South Carolina. I have so many stories that I want to share with you and I hope I get the chance to.

The Festival of Ramadan Essay Example

The Festival of Ramadan Essay Example The Festival of Ramadan Essay The Festival of Ramadan Essay a) Describe what happens at the fast of Ramadan For Muslims, Ramadan is a very special time of the year. Not only is it special, the ninth month is also drastically different to any other part of the Muslim calendar. The most obvious aspect of Ramadan, when viewed from outside, is the fasting undertaken by most Muslims. They are required to refrain from eating, drinking, sexual intercourse and smoking from just before dawn to after sunset every day. However, not all Muslims will abstain from eating and drinking during the daylight hours throughout the month of Ramadan, those who are young, (often below the age of 15,) old, ill or travelling are exempt. Extreme examples of fasting, rarely seen in non-Muslim countries even forbid the swallowing of saliva or phlegm. In strict Islamic countries such as Saudi Arabia, it is not uncommon to see Muslims carrying buckets with them in which to spit, preventing them from having to swallow their saliva, which would, in their eyes, invalidate their fast. Muslims will often eat one meal before dawn, suhoor. This is often eaten very early, and some Muslims return to bed afterwards. The fast is ended with a small meal called iftar, which is taken as soon as possible after the sun has set. Iftar often comprises of dates and a glass of water, following the example of Muhammad (pbuh). However, physical restraint is far from the only aspect of Ramadan. It also involves many spiritual restraints; Muslims must strive to avoid cheating and lying, whilst also making extra efforts to be charitable and to appreciate what they have. Despite these restrictions Ramadan is not only a time of restraint, as fasting, self-control and moderation alone cannot make someone a good person or a good Muslim. Extra actions must also be undertaken. These can involve good deeds or charitable work, whether this be directly or through fundraising. During Ramadan, Muslims may attend extra prayers, (Tarawih), each night at the Mosque. Every evening, one-thirtieth of the Quran is recited, so that, come the conclusion of the month, the whole Quran has been read. Muslims will strive to read the whole Quran at least once throughout Ramadan. Laylat-ul-Qadr, or the night of power, is when Muhammad first received the Quran. It usually occurs within the last ten days of Ramadan, and Muslims may celebrate it by spending the entire night in the Mosque, often reading the whole of the Quran. Throughout Ramadan, Muslims will often greet others with, Ramadan Kareem or Ramadan Mubarak, which means a happy, successful and blessed month. In Muslim countries, Ramadan can change public life dramatically. Life during daylight hours will generally slow down, with many people resting and concentrating on the fast during the day and working during the evening. The end of Ramadan is marked by the feast, Id-ul-Fitr. This day commonly revolves around family. Zakat is often given on this day, and Muslims may also give extra alms to help those who are worse off, enjoy a better Id. On the morning of Id-ul-Fitr Muslims may attend special Id prayers at the Mosque. The day and evening are spent socialising, feasting and giving presents. As Id-ul-Fitr is such a special day of the Muslim calendar, new clothes are often bought for the occasion. At Id, many Muslims will give money known as Zakat-ul-Fitr. This is not compulsory, as Zakat is, but many people feel more obliged to give after experiencing the hunger of those in need throughout the month of Ramadan. The amount given will often represent the cost of a meal for each member of the donors family. b) Explain the importance of Ramadan to Muslims and ways in which it may affect their lives Ramadan is hugely important in the lives of Muslims. It is the fourth pillar of Islam and is compulsory for all Muslims who are able to complete it. The fact that it is a pillar of Islam also makes following it an act of Ibidah It is also important as Ramadan is the month during which the Quran was first revealed to Muhammad by God in 570 CE. This makes it a very holy month as the Quran and its revelation to the prophet are the basis of the Islamic faith. Massoud Shadjareh, chairman of the London-based Islamic Human Rights Commission, stated that The best thing for a Muslim is to continue his or her life as normal. This is the real test. This implies that a Muslim should strive to allow fasting to have as little an effect on their life as possible. However, there are some inevitable effects from fasting. It will have both positive and negative effects. Firstly it will help them learn self-discipline, which is a hugely important characteristic for a Muslim to have. Self-discipline helps Muslims abide by Allahs will, as many aspects of their lives depend on it, such as keeping prayer times and not giving in to temptations which surround us. This is especially important for Muslims in non-Islamic countries, who often also have to resist peer pressure as well as the temptation itself. Ramadan also helps Muslims have a greater appreciation of Allahs gifts to them and they will be better able to understand the plight of those less fortunate than themselves, who do not fast out of choice, but out of necessity. One of Ramadans other main benefits is that it strengthens the Ummah through unity, those in more economically developed countries can have more empathy for those in less economically developed countries; being able to identify with their difficulty concentrating on being a good Muslim, obeying Allah and focusing on Allah during prayers whilst also being consumed by hunger. Ramadan also helps Muslims purify their minds and bodies, which are a gift from Allah and therefore need to be treated with the utmost respect. However, it will have negative effects, one of these a problems undertaking physical activities. This can affect both a Muslims career and their leisure time, especially in non-Muslim countries. Manual workers will have less energy, and will find their workload more difficult. They may also suffer from dehydration, headaches, weakness and nausea. However, it is not only manual workers who will suffer these conditions. To a lesser extent, Muslims in other careers will also suffer, especially in a hot environment or climate. The importance of Ramadan goes further than this however, it was commanded by Allah and is one of the compulsory five pillars of Islam. Many Muslims may argue that as it is a struggle which enables them to become a better person, this means Ramadan is often seen as a Jihad. Ramadan may only last a month, but its impact should continue throughout the year. It is an annual lesson in becoming a better person and a better Muslim. If its effect does not last into Shawwal then it has been unsuccessful. This is another reason why Ramadan is so important for Muslims; it has such a huge impact on their whole lives, during the month and beyond it. c) For Muslims, fasting has both advantages and disadvantages, How far do you agree? Give reasons to support your answer, and show that you have thought about different points of view. You must refer to Islam in your answer. I agree with this statement as Ramadan has advantages such as teaching self-discipline, but also has obvious disadvantages such as illness caused by dehydration or hunger. However, some Muslims may disagree, saying that fasting only advantages. They would argue that illness is not a disadvantage, just a trial that must be overcome in order to become a better person. It is not a problem with Ramadan, but an essential part of it, without which Ramadan would be pointless. Some people may say that there are only disadvantages of Ramadan, especially in non-Muslim countries where public life continues as normal. Muslims in careers requiring concentration, quick thinking or strength and stamina may be hindered by dehydration or hunger. Medical careers for example may have life-endangering consequences from bad decisions. Some may argue then that fasting is the wrong thing to do as it is selfish, failing to take into account the welfare of those under a Muslims care who may be put in danger by a famished carer. Some other may agree with this statement, saying that although fasting may teach a Muslim a degree of self-control, do we really need to deny ourselves things in order to become a better person? Surely we are defined as a person by what we do, not by what we do not; the only way to become a better person, both in the eyes of people and of God is to help those in need, not put ourselves in their position. Others may also agree that Ramadan does not have any advantages as it does not put a Muslim into the position of a person living in poverty, as they are not suffering from long term effects of malnutrition and most are guaranteed iftar and a large meal once the sun has set, something alien to those in extreme poverty. To conclude, I feel that most Muslims would disagree with this statement, as they feel that any act of Ibidah can have only advantages. However, many people may also disagree, saying that there are advantages as it develops a persons character, but it also has physical disadvantages.

Toward An Intelligence beyond Mans Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Toward An Intelligence beyond Mans - Essay Example As these form of computers are evolving, many of them will actually mimic humans in doing some roles better than them to an extent of blurring the difference between humans and computers. Generally, these computers will be regarded as artificially intelligent creations that will have the capability of absorbing large quantities of information, store and process them, at a faster speed compared to the slow human brains. The only thing which with the time that can be incorporated in such computers to totally give it an upper hand on humans, is when they shall be incorporated with human feelings. Computers will hence become faster and better, â€Å"Computers match people in some roles, and when decisions fast are needed in a crisis, they often outclass them†. Computers will hence be part of our evolutionary process. Ever since 100,000 years ago, the human brain has not changed that much in terms of its capacity of holding information. The human brain cannot accommodate large chun ks of information at once. Computers, on the other hand, provide humans with a chance to store large quantities of information and skip an evolutionary process of developing super accommodative brains. With time, human beings will form a symbiotic relationship with computers. Human beings will be expected to give them electricity and reproduce them while in return they can offer their economic and social needs, â€Å"Child of man’s brain rather than his loins, it will become his salvation in a world of crushing complexity†.

Korea and australia hofstede cultural differences Essay

Korea and australia hofstede cultural differences - Essay Example The Hofstede Report refers to the groundbreaking work of Geert Hofstede, whose studies into different nations has revealed a common consensus of five cultural dimensions according to which different countries can be compared. The truth is that over time, these dimensions have evolved according to the historical traditions, geographic boundaries, national perspectives and anything else that forms the cultural character of a people or country[1]. Differences in the Two Cultures, Recommendations and Analysis 1. Power Distance: Australians are used to a lower power distance between individuals than Koreans. Dassan Ltd. would therefore do well to cultivate an attitude of self respect and equality among people in its managers prior to sending them to Australia. This is a big mind shift from Korea, where the traditions demand respect from someone at a higher social or work position [2]. 2. Uncertainty Avoidance: Both Australians and South Koreans are used to a low level of uncertainty avoid ance. But whereas listening to a statement made by management would be enough for its validity among most Australians, the Koreans would prefer that this be committed to writing in the form of policy before it is accepted in their hearts and minds [3]. 3.

Team Communication Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Team Communication - Essay Example However, many people involved into this type of interpersonal relations are not fully aware about the rules and logic of team communication. This knowledge is especially important for those who supervise and direct work of teams, namely managers and coordinators. These people spend most of their working hours communicating with their subordinates: participation in planning, organizing, controlling, and supervising activities, preventing and resolving conflicts between the personnel, scheduling and many other tasks that define the nature of team work. Communication between people is a very complex process that includes several equally important aspects. Defining it as a process we mean that it is not static set of behaviors or object we can hold in hands. As David Berlo (1960), the famous expert in team communication, believes, "if we accept the concept of process, we view events and relationship as dynamic, ongoing ever-changing, continuous. When we label something as a process, we also mean that it does not have a beginning, an end, a fixed sequence of events. It is not static, at rest. It is moving. The ingredients within a process interact; each affects all of the others" (p.6). Team or group communication includes "a relatively small number of persons who have a mutually interdependent purpose and a sense of belonging, demonstrate behavior based on norms and values, use procedures accepted by the group, and interact orally" (Pearson, 1994, p.211). This definition mirrors the structure of team communication. Social psychologists long ago identified certain circumstances under which group communication is more appropriate than any other: 1. When a variety of entirely different ideas is better than several ideas that have much in common. Presence of others involved into similar activity encourages the process of thinking in each individual member of the group making them generate new ideas. 2. When members of the group express a strong desire to be involved into the process of decision making and discussing problems. In such situation, group communication helps avoid tension that would have inevitably appeared in case the group's members are denied such opportunity. 3. Team communication plays the key role when commitment of its members is at stake. It is a common knowledge that decisions put into place without agreement of people whom they concern have good chances to meet unexpected resistance. For instance, if a manger determines his subordinates' duty list without discussing it with them, there is a great probability that majority of the subordinates will express strong resistance. 4. And sometimes when a group decision is an essential condition it is appropriate not to ask the members privately, but to let them discuss the problem in group and made a common decision (Pearson, 1994, pp.211-214). Presence of others dramatically transforms behavior of separate individuals as well as their way of thinking. In order to understand the reasons for these changes we should analyze the unique characteristics of small groups, and first of all group norms, roles, leadership, member satisfaction, commitment, and productivity. Norms is a distinctive characteristic of groups. Basically, norm is "an expected standard of behaviour and belief established and enforced by a group" (Franzoi, 1996, p.261). The word "standard" includes

Apple Financial Analysis Paper

Apple Financial Analysis Paper Apple Inc. is a unique company in the personal entertainment sector. It has been loyal to its design and marketing strategy over the past 33 years and has been able to position itself as a cult brand that is known worldwide for its innovative and market leading business operation. Steve Jobs, CEO of Apple Inc. once said: A lot of companies have chosen to downsize, and maybe that was the right thing for them. We chose a different path. Our belief was that if we kept putting great products in front of customers, they would continue to open their wallets (Warner, 2009). It is this attitude and the provocative but entertaining way the company introduces new products and presents itself to the public that made me want to have a look behind the scenes and into their finances. Background Apple Computer Inc. was founded in 1977 in the United States, in Cupertino, California and renamed to Apple Inc. in 2007 to display its comprehensive product portfolio (Datamonitor, 2010). Today Apple Inc. and its subsidiaries (from here referred to as Apple) operate in the wide field of personal entertainment. This includes designing, producing and promoting a variety of hardware products such as personal computers, mobile communication and media devices, and portable digital music players (Apple Inc., 2010, p. 1) as well as software solutions and services around its products. Over the past 3 years the company has raised its resources for research and development leading to expenses of $1,109 million in 2008, $1,333 million in 2009 and $1,782 million in 2010, a total increase of 60% (2008 to 2010). As a result Apple launched several new and revolutionary products such as the iPhone in 2007, the time capsule software in 2008, a new edition of the iPhone in 2009 and the iPad in 2010 which have led to a sustained success that reflects in the financial statements of the recent years (Datamonitor, 2010, p. 9): In the fiscal years 2008, 2009 and 2010 ending in September of each year Apple increased its revenue by 14,4% to $42,905 million (2008 to 2009) and thereafter by 52% to $65,225 million (2009 to 2010). The companys net profit was $6,119 million, $8,235 million and $14,013 million in 2008, 2009 and 2010 which resembles an increase of 34,6% (2008 to 2009) and 59% (2009 to 2010). The introduction of the iPad, where 300,000 pieces have already been sold on its launch day, April 3rd 2010, and 7,458 million pieces since its launch (Apple Inc., 2010, p. 33) as well as the new release of the iPhone and the third-party offers in the iTunes Stores being music and electronic book downloads are mainly responsible Apples recent success (Dowling, Press Release, 2010). In order to gain a deeper understanding of the effects of the end of year financial results for Apple and its past and future development a critical analysis of its financial statements has been conducted and is presented hereafter. Analysis The critical analysis of the financial statement of Apple includes the general comparison of Apples main financial influencing factors and secondly a ratio analysis which will provide an in depth audit of the financial performance and its effects on the company. Main financial influencers The main influencing factors of Apples financial statements are the revenue, operating profit, net profit, cost of sales and earnings per share. These indicators show the overall financial performance of the company. The overview given in Table 1 (Refers to Appendix V) highlights the superior performance of the company from 2008 until 2010. Apple Inc. is an American based company, which is why the figures are expressed in USD and in the following table in $ million except for the earnings per share, which express the per share amount. Apples financial results are a good indicator for the economys progressing recovery from the financial crises of the recent years. The above-average rise of Apples revenue and profit are the result of its investments in product developments which have met the needs and wants of the target markets. The image of the company was strengthened by its very good sales performance which was influential for the rise of earnings per share. The great increase for Apples costs of goods sold result from the development and production of the iPad, which will also be visible in the result of the financial year ending September 2011, as well as the development and production of the new release of the iPhone. Ratio Analysis A ratio analysis is used to express how the figures in the financial statement relate to each other and by interpreting the ratios to explain how the figures affect each other and the companys development and performance (Dyson, 2010, p. 219). Comparisons of the figures are made within Apples own performance over the past financial years and where appropriate the figures are compared to two Apples competitors. For this critical analysis the competitive companies are Dell Inc. since they compete within the personal computer segment and Microsoft, who are one of Apples main competitors in the computer software sector (Datamonitor, 2010, p. 27). It shall be mentioned that currently there is no other company which provides a similar product portfolio as Apple. Therefore no absolutely satisfactory industry comparison can be made for the ratio analysis but indications on the positive or negative trend on the figures can be made. Liquidity ratios Liquidity ratios allow the assessment of the amount of cash which a company has access to from its own resources within the next twelve months. The two ratios which are put into one context are the current ratio and the quick ratio (Table 2 Refers to Appendix I). The norm result for the current ratio is 2:1 (Hendricks, 2010, p. 6). The higher the current ratio, the more liquid resources are available for the company to pay its short term debts. The current ratio for Apple was higher in 2009 but is still within the industry norm in 2010. By reducing the stock, the quick ratio is considered a more reliable statement of a companys liquidity. A ratio of 1:1 accounts as safe. This again has been greatly outperformed in 2009 and slightly decreased towards 2010 which indicates on Apples good ability to turn assets into cash quickly. The overall reduction of both ratios in the Financial Year 2010 (FY 2010) can be traced back to the fact that the companies liabilities have increased due to RD, production and retail store investments. Profitability Ratios Profitability ratios calculate the earnings a company generates in relation to the expenses and costs it has during the financial year. An increase of the value of a profitability ratio indicates that a business performing well. In order to interpret the companys performance a comparison to two competitors in Apples operating environments has been drawn. Apple has invested in its fixed assets by expanding its retail segment which explains the slight decrease in return on gross assets (ROA). As financial analysts state a ROA should not undergo 5%, Apple is in a very good position with an ROA of 24.66%. (Table 3 Refers to Appendix II,A,B). A high return on shareholder equity (ROE) expresses a companys effective employment of stakeholder investments and in return high earnings for the stakeholders. The figures show that Apple has been able to invest more effectively in FY2010. But the company comparison reveals that even with a great loss in ROE for Dell in 2010 it can compete with Apples performance. Where as Microsofts ROE with 40.6% is much higher. However since the ROE should be interpreted in relation to the debts, and Apple only has short term debts which the company covers quickly, the investment strategy of Apple can be considered as benefiting for both the company and the shareholders. Apples gross ratio decreased in FY2010. This is due to the less efficient use of its fixed assets in raw material and manufacturing. The company comparison shows that Apples gross ratio is at a high percentage a positive indication for profit that is confirmed in Apples overall results. The figures of Apples profitability ratios in relation to its competition display Apples ability to manage its investments and sales lucrative. Efficiency Ratios Efficiency Ratios express the ability of a company to use its resources profitably. An increase of the ratio figures over the years show an efficient management of resources. (Table 4 Refers to Appendix III). The rate of stock turnover (ROST) can be described as the number of times the stock is being replaced per year. A high ROST show the efficient investments and a low ROST can be an indicator stockpiling and poor sales. Since Apples sales have greatly increased in FY2010 the decrease in ROST of 33% from FY2009 to FY2010 most likely result from inefficient stockpiling. Speculations can be made that a too high prognosis on iPad sales in combination with a lower sales rate of iPods may have led to an increased inventory level. The fixed asset turnover (FAT) has decreased by 27% in FY2010 which means that Apple was less successful in using its fixed assets to generate sales. The reduction in FAT is the result if Apples investment in its retail branch and therefore an increase of fixed assets. While the ROST and FAT are decreasing naturally the cost of sales ratio (COS) will increase. Apples has more money tied up in its fixed assets and was not able to handle its stock as efficient as in recent years. The debt ratio expresses the percentage of assets which are financed by debts. Apple only has short term liabilities and no long term debts (Apple Inc., 2010, p. 27). Even though the short term debts have increased to 36.43% which Apples should reduce over the coming financial periods 63.57% of Apples assets are covered by equity. The risk for Apple therefore is low. Investment Ratios This part of the ratio analysis helps to judge how remunerative a potential or existing investment is or might be (Table 5 Refers to Appendix IV). Apple does not pay dividends per share to its shareholders explaining the dividend yield of $0.00. Therefore the company has more financial resources to reinvest in its business and the development of its products to maintain a peer position in the market. The earnings per share (EPS) allot the profit of a company to its number of shares and therefore indicating on the companys overall profitability. Apples EPS increased by 67% to $15.41 in FY2010 which relates to the nearly 60% higher net profit in 2010. It also reveals an increase in investment in the companys shares which most likely result from Apples positive consumer and investor awareness through the introduction of its new product developments. A high price/earnings ratio (P/E) describes the high demand of the shares and therefore the confidence of investors towards a positive future of the company. With the high increase in EPS the P/E has risen as well. Apples market price per share ($) tradedÂÂ  at 14.76x the EPS of $15.41. Over the past years Apple has proven to be a lucrative company to invest in and it is likely that this trend continues for the following financial year. Impact of current event since last balance sheet The publishing date of Apples recent annual financial report is the 25th September 2010. Since then Apple has introduced a new developments of its MacBook, the MacBook Air, a thinner and more powerful version of the Apple laptop (Dowling, Press Release 2, 2010). This will affect the sales of the iPad since it can be seen as a competitive product and it is likely to increase Apples stock turnover ratio because it is an additional product in the companys range. But at the same time Apple has made a move to stay competitive in the personal computer sector and it is likely that the company will increase its total revenue until the next financial report. Conclusion and recommendations Financially the fiscal year 2010 was a very successful year for Apple. The company has increased the investments in research and development of new products and its retail branch. This has led to the launches of the iPad and the new iPhone generation and has brought the focus of public attention to the company enhancing its image and increasing its desirability in the minds of shareholders and investors. Apple has increased its revenue by more than 50% and is taking a leasing position in the personal computer market despite the intense competition and price sensitivity of the consumers. The software and online services Apple is offering through third parties, such as the e-books have gained popularity. A negative affect has been recognized when analyzing Apples efficiency in using its resources. The stock turnover decreased compared to the previous year which affected the cost of sales and fixed asset turnover. It is recommended to continue the trend of high investments in research and development as this is a key success factor for Apple to be one step ahead of its competition. Additionally the service offers though third party suppliers in the range of music, e-books and applications for the mobile phones should be kept up, as they increase the popularity of Apples products. Furthermore Apple could compensate the negative effects of the decrease in stock turnover by introducing improvements in its marketing and promotion efforts to boost sales.

the development of slavery in America :: Slavery Essays

Slavery was the main resource used in the Chesapeake tobacco plantations. The conditions in the Chesapeake region were difficult, which lead to malnutrition, disease, and even death. Slaves were a cheap and an abundant resource, which could be easily replaced at any time. The Chesapeake region’s tobacco industries grew and flourished on the intolerable and inhumane acts of slavery. Chesapeake colonies of Virginia and Maryland were settled in the early 17th century. It was a difficult live for the first colonist; they had limited labor and were constantly raided by Native Americans. Colonist tried to use the Native Americans as a source of slavery. Most of the colonist’s farms were by forest areas so Native Americans would just leave in to the woods. Colonists were afraid of pressuring them from the fear of getting ambushed by gangs of Native Americans. Another reason Native Americans men made bad slaves was because the women in the tribes did the agricultural work in the Native American villages. Colonist started to import slaves from South America in hopes that they would live longer and be more manageable to control. The slaves that were imported were trained past their first year of slavery, so that they would not die as fast. The first imported slaves came to America in the early 17th century. When they received the slaves they found out some of them were baptized, and were under the Christian religion. So they could not be treat as slaves under the religion so they were turned into indentured servants. There were very few vague laws on slavery, but it was always a permanent servitude. At first slaves had limited right, and were aloud to own land, after their period of slavery was over. They were allowed to marry and have children. The slaves kids that were born while they were enslaved were not consider to be slaves, but to be free under the law. Indentured Servants helped the colonies progress their population. England at the time was over populated, and jobs were hard to find. So many people that could not afford the boat trip over to America offered themselves as to be an indentured servant for a period of time. This contractual term can last from between four to seven years. Many colonists preferred having indentured servants over slaves, cause they also helped ward off Native Americans from attacking settlers. The one big draw back of indentured servant was that they usually did not make it pass the first year of their contract.

Jeffersonian vs. Jacksonian Democracy

Jeffersonian vs. Jacksonian Democracy Both Jefferson and Jackson were fighting for the interests of farmers against the commercial and mercantile interests of the country. Jefferson was portrayed as a man of the people, but he remained a wealthy planter who tended to associate only with other elites. His mannerisms were much more upper-class. Jefferson talked about limited government yet his actual practices as President differed. He maintained the bank of the US, authorized the Louisiana Purchase and pushed for stronger party cohesion, all things that many Democrats opposed.Jackson was also a wealthy farmer, but he had come from a poorer region and did not have â€Å"wealthy parents. † He was much more comfortable mixing with people of lower social and economic classes. He was also much more focused on attacking the mercantile classes, particularly his refusal to renew the charter for the Bank of the US. Thomas Jefferson and Andrew Jackson were two influential political figur es in two very different eras. Each formed their own democracy that helped shape the way people think about American government.They had their differences and yet they also had their similarities. Viewpoints between the two democracies will be analyzed in political, economic, social, and religious aspects. The Jeffersonian and Jacksonian Democracies were alike and different to each other in the area of politics and economics. The conditions which a citizen was considered eligible for office holding was similar. In the Jeffersonian Democracy, an eligible citizen was one that was average rather than rich and well born.Jackson declared all ordinary and intelligent white citizens equally qualified to serve. He eventually started what is known as the â€Å"spoils system† in which long-term officeholders were removed for rotation. Then how they chose candidates to be President was done differently. In Jefferson's time the two highest voted candidates became the President and the Vi ce-President of the United States. In Jackson’s time a candidate was chosen by a nominating convention and the President and Vice-President ran for their offices separately.Both men's attitude toward the Bank of the United States was similar. Jefferson encouraged State banks and was originally opposed to the national bank. Jackson and his followers strongly opposed the Second Bank of America. He won the â€Å"Bank War† by having federal income deposited in state banks, while he continued to draw money out of the national bank. The political and economic conditions of the Jeffersonian and Jacksonian Democracies were equally related and different. However, the social and religious aspects were quite clear.Each man’s attitude toward minorities (including slaves, women, and Native Americans) were closely related. For example, Jefferson doubted that white civilization and Indian â€Å"savagery† could coexist and although he said that men were born to freedom n ot to slavery he still held many slaves. He felt strongly that women had a single purpose in life: marriage and subordination to a husband. Jefferson saw no reason to let them vote since women were never called upon to discuss politics or anything really for that matter.In the same manner, Jackson turned away from extending egalitarian policies to slaves and women received little betterment, although many reforms were taking place in the time of the Jacksonian Democracy. Jackson, who also led an expedition against in Spanish Florida in 1818, forced thousands of Native Americans to march from Georgia to Oklahoma on the infamous â€Å"Trail of Tears. † Each man viewed education in opposite opinions. One of the many bills Jefferson proposed was the Bill for General Education, which â€Å"allowed everyone, without regard to birth or wealth, to have as much free education as each person was fitted for. On the other hand, Jackson and his followers opposed programs such as educati onal reform and the establishment of public education. He believed that schools restricted individual liberty by interfering with parental responsibility and undermined freedom of religion by replacing church schools. How the separation of church and state was accomplished was different. Jefferson proposed the Statute for Religious Freedom, separating church and state and removing the private right of religious belief from control by public law.Jackson believed that a strong federal government restricted individual freedom and he was against religious reform. The social and religious viewpoints of Jefferson and Jackson had their similarities and their differences. It is clear to see how distinct the similarities and differences were between the Jeffersonian and Jacksonian Democracies. They are shown in the areas of politics, economics, social life, and religion. Their viewpoints, opinions, and or ideas all helped establish the strong democracy that America has today.

Was the Treaty of Versailles Fair?

Was the treaty of Versailles fair? The treaty of Versailles was signed in 1919 after the World War one. It was actually a punishment of Germany to start the war and forced it to accept all the blame. The involved requirements were seen to be very harsh. Many arguments were made on the treaty, and the most common question was that whether the treaty of Versailles fair. In my opinion, I am quite agreeing with the decision. Firstly, there is no fair in warfare. Defeat powers should obey the victors’ orders unconditionally, no excuse, and no complaint, just accepting the lost.Secondly, the treaty of Versailles was made by the â€Å" Big Three†, they were Woodrow Wilson from America, Lloyd George from Britain and Clemenceau from French. The terms in the treaty were put up by those three ideas. Their different attitudes and opinions were restricting the others. Nobody would be completely satisfied and also no one could make it extremely harsh or kind. Thirdly, relating the co st of the war. This is also the most important point of my view. In World War 1, numbers of villages and towns were destroyed.The economy and industry in Europe collapsed. From every nation who took part in there barely was a family who hadn't lost a member, nearly 35 million casualties, including a large amount of death of innocent people. How could Germany and her allies pay for this? The treaty of Versailles was deserved. In the treaty, Germany was asked to pay a huge amount of reparations, up to 6600 millions. Some people thought it was very unreasonable. At the time, it was impossible for Germany, but it was not given a time limit.Germany can rebuild the economy step by step till finally being able to pay off the compensation payment. Germen were also very angry about the arrangement of the territories. As a defeated country, there was no doubt Germany need to give back all the colonies, and be planed just as it did to the other country before. In conclusion, I think the Treaty of Versailles was fair enough. The aim of it was to weaken the German power and ensure there was no any more war, nevertheless Germany regained the power in 20 years, rebuilt the industry and military.Germany recovered very fast from the lost. However, they did not cherisher the achievement, launched another worldwide war, which was larger and more disastrous instead. the fact strong proved that the treaty had pushed Germany too hard, otherwise they should not be able to start the war. Moreover, compared to the treaties they made to Russia, the treaty of Brest-Litvosk, which was much more horrible, and the huge cost of the World War 1, Germany was fairly lucky.

Cooperate Downsizing essays

Cooperate Downsizing essays The U.S. economy was at the height of economic expansion, stocks were near all time highs, corporate profits were strong, and the unemployment rate was at its lowest in two decades. At the same time, the major corporations in the United States were firing workers by the hundreds of thousands, and job insecurity had risen to an extremely high level. What was also ironic was the fact that the corporations who were initiating the downsizings were considered to be some of the strongest and most profitable in the country. Although these events seem to be inconsistent, this is what has happened throughout the decade of the 1990's. Traditionally, downsizing was a direct result of a decline in the demand for a firm's product and a tool for company survival. The first duty of an organization is to survive. Downsizing is a legitimate tool for survival but not necessarily the best choice for every circumstance. This would mean that fewer items needed to be produced, therefore less employees were needed. Downsizing was also used as a way to cut costs during times of recession. But, the downsizings observed in the 1990's did not fit this mold. Instead of downsizing for survival, companies were using this as a strategic plan for creating an increase in stock prices. The intent of downsizings by these top corporations who were already very profitable was to become "lean and mean". Downsizing will be examined as a strategic option that management can exercise in order to boost equity value. Downsizing is defined as a reduction in the number of employees, and sometimes in the number of operating units within a company. It began as a strategy of weak corporations as a way to reduce the costs of the company. Shareholder wealth was the main concern, and companies were willing to do whatever they thought necessary to convince the market that the stock price should rise. The stock price had become more import ...

Evaluate the advantages and disadvantages of diversity to a Coursework

Evaluate the advantages and disadvantages of diversity to a multinational organisation, in a rapidly changing global market. Illustrate your answer with examples from business practice - Coursework Example research paper titled, â€Å"The Effects of Diversity on Business Performance: Report of the Diversity Research Network,† appears in the spring 2003 issue of Human Resource Management. After examining four Fortune 500 companies in depth, the researchers find that â€Å"a variety of contextual variables, including an organization’s culture, strategy and human resource practices, help to determine whether diversity boosts performance or drags it down.† (Kwak & Gwynne, 2003, p.1). Diversity in multinational organizations is a sensitive issue and thus needs to be handled efficiently through proper training of the workforce. Before adapting diversity in its system, every organization should understand the advantages and disadvantages of the same. Diversity in organization mainly occurs when people from different countries work together for that entity. Individuals have their own race and custom habits. Diversity can only be promoted in an organization if there are no clashing interests among different groups in the organization. When people from different culture work together then the organizations exists between different classes of society and thus assumes a global outlook. The organization can attain a global perspective when people from diverse regions and backgrounds work together. The organization becomes globally known when it adopts a diverse attitude. IBM is a very good example of a company which practices diversity in its organization. Because of its diverse operations the company is known world wide and has become a household name in all those countries. This gives the company a positive image. The talent pool that IBM has created over the years through its diverse venture is a proof of development due to diversi ty. The adoption of diversity in IBM has led to the minimizing racial and cultural differences and also in enhancing the company’s global image. Diversity in an organization increases its performance because the workforce being combination of

CSR Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words - 1

CSR - Essay Example This report explores corporate social responsibility in different organizational and national contexts focusing on its six core characteristics, theoretical avenues and the diversity of theoretical concepts in CSR. With a firm foundation and understanding of CSR, the final section focuses on Nike’s current strategic approaches to fulfilling their responsibility to the public. Upon evaluating this, there are recommendations on how Nike could develop their overall CSR strategy for better results. Corporate Social Responsibility, Core Characteristics and Theoretical Avenues Today Due to multiple advancements in technology and the corporate world, CSR is an important facilitator of attaining organizational objectives, and vision for the stakeholders. Nonetheless, there are factors that companies still neglect such as improvement of workers, the public and the external settings of the organization. Definitely, these factors require extended attention since they are among the core determinants of the CSR policies and programs’ success according to the multiple stakeholder orientation and internalizing or managing externalities characteristics. The CSR concept helps an organization have an impact on the external environments and the community overcoming segregation and focusing on the economic bodies; however, the concept works when the societal and virtuous aspects of the corporation are not among the core determinants of CSR development (Agarwal, 2013). Initially, corporations used CSR as a tool for competition with the core objectives revolving around market dominance, extended financial gains and survival over the rest of the competition as opposed to the alignment of social and economic responsibilities concept that integrates profitability and corporate social responsibility. However, through vast studies and debate on the CSR topic, the corporate world has developed with most of the companies focusing on how their business can have significance in the